Chocolate and cocoa compound and process of making same.



No. 872,416. PATENTED DEC. 3, 1907. J. R. HATMAKER.

CHOCOLATE AND'COCOA COMPOUND AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAME. APPLICATION FILED JAN.9,1.906.

YIIII/l/I/l/IA partly separated milk.

V by exposing it in a thin uniform 'JAMESROBTNSON HATMA'KER, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

CHOCOLATE COCOA COMPOUND AND PROO E SS OF MAKING SAME,

1\To.872,416. V

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 9.1905. Serial No. 240.353.

Patented Dec. 3, 1907.

To all whom it may concern: Be'it known that I, JAMES ROBINSON" HATMAKER, a citizen of the United States, residing at No. 25 Rue de la Faisanderie', Paris, France, have invented new and useful Improvements in Chocolate-and Cocoa Compounds and Processes of Making Same, of which the following is 'a description.

This invention relates to. the production of new dry homogeneous compounds of .cacao, sugar and milk, in light, flaky form,

by liquid. mixtures or. solutions of those substances. Y

' The cacao beans are prepared for use in the ordinary way by roasting and shelling and crus g or melting them to a liquid state.

The cacao thus pre ared may containits natural fat orit may m deprived of a portion or of'all of it, and the milk may be liquid full-cream milk or separated-milk or I will describe the production of a dry homogeneous compound of cacao, milk and sugar, in accordance with my invention. I prepare a li uid mixture of these substances in any suitzlble way as by melting cakes of cacao in hot water andthen mixing it, and the sugar, with the liquid Vanilla or other suitable substances may be added to improve the taste or the quality of the dry product to be obtained. If the' cacao contains its natural fat (cacao butter) the mixture should-be kept war-m so as to prevent congelation of its fat, but if cocoa powder is use itneed not be kept warm. I then dry the said liquid mixture orfsolution rapidly film or layer upon a surface heated sufficiently high to cause a rapid, almost instantaneous, evaporation of its contained wateras upon a surface "heated somewhatin excess of 212 F. under ordinary conditions of atmos heric pressure--until it contains, only' 8' cient moisture for the'preservation of the solid in gredients in a dry normal state. I then remove the solid residues from such heated surface. While I wish it understood that I do not confine-myself in the production of these new homogeneous compounds to the.

use of any particular drying apparatus, I will describe their production upon a twincylinder machine, heated to a temperature in excess of 212 F., as I have found their production in that manner advantageous. Suchdryingmachinesarewell-known being composed of-two smooth-faced drying milk cylinders placed parallel and slightly separated from each other and revolvlng inversely, the said cylinders being heated interiorly by steam or otherwise. A section of such a machine is shown in the accompanying drawing. The liquid mixture is fed continuously between the revolving cylinders A A, (which are heated so as to have a'surface temperature somewhat in. excess of 212 F.as by a pressure of about 25 lbs. of steam per sq. in. introduced within the cylinders through inlets ff) from the supplypipe 5. A small depth of the liquid mixture or solution is maintained in the space- 0 between the upper halves of the faces of the slightly-separated cylinders. It is carried between the cylinders as they revolve, being spread out thereon'iu a very thin uniform layer-or film, where it remalns until it comes into contact with a stripping-knife d d or other removing means fixed at a suitable point and held in contact with each cylinder.

The film of solid material 6 e is thus removed in very thin moist continuous sheets before it is overheated and injured. It becomes dry immediately upon cooling and is easily reduced to a light flaky powder by being passed thro gh a sieve.

As the dry product contains a large percentage of sugar, in addition to the sugar of to prevent the exposure of the solids upon the heated cylinders for too long a time, The sugar should not be allowed to melt and cause the solids to become sticky upon the cylinders. And it is also of importance that the portion of water unevaporated which gives to the liotfilm its moist appearance should beleft in the product as hereinbefore described (the product being removed from the cylinders while it is still somewhat moist) as this water serves to supply the requirements of the cooling film and insures the preservation of the solids in a normal state.

cacao, composed approximately .of 22% cacao, 28% sugar and 50% milk solidsa compound from which v good liquid drinking chocolate can be made by the addition of hot watercan be produced by liquid inixture composed of 22 parts by weight of cacao, 28 parts by weight of sugar and 450 partsby weight of liquid milk from contained in the milk, the drying ma-- .chine, in such cases, should-be speeded so as A good homogeneous dry compound of sugar and milk in.light, flaky form dryinga 7 sugar and 50% weight of separated milk.

understood that my invention is'not limited 'and milk, as described above are homogewhich one-half the cream has been separated (or about 400 parts by weight of full-cream milk).

By employing cacao with all or only a part of its natural fat with milk containing all or only a part of its cream results varying in fat contents may easily be produced.

For example a compound highly desirable to compounds of-these proportions of ingre dients. The proportions of ingredients of my dry homogeneous compounds of cacao, sugar and milk, in light, flaky form, may be varied greatly without departing from the spirit of my invention.

The dry compounds obtained by drying liquid mixtures or solutions of cacao, sugar ncous and uniform in character and in light, flaky, soluble form. Furthermore they are sterile and conservable. .They are much less compact and much lighter in weight, volume for volume, than ground cacao, sugar and ound mixmilk pastes or mechanical or tures of cacao, sugar and dry mi k and easily distinguishable from them.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Cacao, sugar'and milk homo eneously combined and sterile and inlight, ry, flaky form, substantially as described, each flake of the product being composed .of the said homogeneous compound.

2. The hercinbefore described homogeneous sterile food'compounds, in light, dry, 1

flaky form, consisting approximately of 20 parts of cacao, 30 parts-of sugar and parts of milk solids, each flake-of the said compounds being composed ofa homogeneous compound of the said elements.

. 3. The hereinbefore described process of producing dry homogeneous compounds of cacao, sugar and milk solids iulight, dry,

flaky form, consisting of making a solution of cacao, sugar and liquid milk in approxi mately the proportions specified, and in rapidly evaporating its contained water by exposing the said solution, in a very thin film, upon a suitable surface heated sufficiently high to cause a rapid evaporation of its contained water until it is reduced to asolid yet slightly moist state and in then removing the resulting compound from the said surface, the said solution bein fed upon the drying surface in such restricted as to avoid its being greatly reduced in bulk prior to the formationof the film.

4. The hereinbefore described process of producing dry sterile homogeneous compounds of cacao, sugar and milk solids in light, dry, flaky .form, consisting of making a solution of cacao, sugar and liquid milk in approximately the proportions specified and in rapidly evaporating its contained water by exposing the said solution, in a very thin film, upon a suitablesurface heated in excess of 212 F. until it is reduced to a solid yet moist state, and in the removing the resulting compound from the said surface,tlie said solution being fed upon the drying surface in such restricted quantity as to avoid its being greatly reduced in bulk prior to. the formation of the film.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

JAMES ROBINSON HATMAKER. Witnesses: j I

L. A'. KLEIN CHALONS, R. LEIPOLD.

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